The Godspeed Questionnaire Series

The web pages proposes a series of questionnaires to measure the users’ perception of robots. This series shall be called “Godspeed” because it is intended to help creators of robots on their development journey.

I collected all the available translations into this spreadsheet.

Below you find the English, Spanish, Dutch,Japanese, and Chinese version. Please email me your translations into other languages. The Spanish translation was contributed by Javier Ruiz-del-Solar. The Dutch and Chinese translation was contributed by Bram Vanderborght. The German translation was contributed by Mary Ellen Foster and Manuel Giuliani. The Arabic translation was contributed by Micheline Ziadee. Alexander Astaras translated the questionnaire to Greek. Wafa Johal provided the French translation. Carina Dantas provided the Portuguese translation. Franziska Kirstein provided the Danish translation. Elena Knox provided the Korean translation. Xose Xavier Rodriguez Rivera provided the Spanish, Catalan, Galician and Basque translations. Sofia Thunberg provided the Swedish translation.

This questionnaire has been discussed in detailed in this publication:

Bartneck, C., Croft, E., Kulic, D. & Zoghbi, S. (2009). Measurement instruments for the anthropomorphism, animacy, likeability, perceived intelligence, and perceived safety of robots. International Journal of Social Robotics, 1(1) 71-81. | DOI: 10.1007/s12369-008-0001-3

Godspeed I: Anthropomorphism, Antropomorfismo, Anthropomorphismus, Ανθρωπομορφισμός, Anthropomorphisme, Antropomorfismo, Menneskelighed, 인격화

Παρακαλούμε βαθμολογείστε την εντύπωση που σχηματίσατε για το ρομπότ στις παρακάτω κλίμακες:
Bitte beurteilen sie Ihren Eindruck des Roboters auf diesen Skalen:
Please rate your impression of the robot on these scales:
Por favor de su opinión del robot en los siguientes aspectos:
Geef aub uw indruk van de robot weer aan de hand van onderstaande schalen:
다음의스케일에따라로봇의인상을평가해 주세요.
以下のスケールに基づいてこのロボットの印象を評価してください。
人格化
من فضلك حدد\حددي انطباعك عن الروبوت على المقاييس التالية:
Veuillez noter vos impressions au sujet du robot sur les échelles ci-dessous:
Por favor, avalie a sua impressão sobre as caraterísticas humanas do robô nas seguintes escalas:
Angiv venligst dine indtryk af robotten på en skala fra 1 til 5:

Ψεύτικο
Unecht
Fake
Falso
Onecht
가짜같은
偽物のような
虚假的
مزيف
Faux
Falso
Unaturligt
1 2 3 4 5 Φυσικό
Natürlich
Natural
Natural
Natuurlijk
자연스러운
自然な
自然的
طبيعي
Naturel
Natural
Naturligt
Μηχανόμορφο
Wie eine Maschine
Machinelike
Con Aspecto de Máquina
Lijkend op een machine
기계적인
機械的
似机械的
شبيه بالالات
D’aspect Machinale
Com aspeto mecânico
Mekanisk
1 2 3 4 5 Ανθρωπόμορφο
Wie ein Mensch
Humanlike
Con Aspecto Humano
Lijkend op een mens
인간같은
人間的
似人类的
شبيه بالانسان
D’aspect Humain
Com aspeto humano
Menneskeligt
Χωρίς συνείδηση
Hat kein Bewusstsein
Unconscious
Inconsciente
Onbewust
의식이 없는
意識を持たない
无意识的
غير مدرك
Inconscient
Inconsciente
Ubevidst
1 2 3 4 5 Με συνείδηση
Hat ein Bewusstsein
Conscious
Consciente
Heeft een bewustzijn
의식이 있는
意識を持っている
有意识的
مدرك
Conscient
Consciente
Bevidst
Τεχνητό
Künstlich
Artificial
Artificial
Kunstmatig
인공적
人工的
人工的
اصطناعي
Artificiel
Artificial
Kunstig
1 2 3 4 5 Ζωντανό
Realistisch
Lifelike
Parece Vivo
Levensecht
생물적
生物的
逼真的
يبدو حقيقي
Paraissant vivant
Realista
Livagtig
Άκομψη κίνηση
Bewegt sich steif
Moving rigidly
Se Mueve Rígidamente
Houterige bewegingen
어색한 움직임
ぎこちない動き
动作僵硬
حركه متصلبه
Bougeant avec rigidité
Move-se com rigidez
Stive bevægelser
1 2 3 4 5 Φυσική κίνηση
Bewegt sich flüssig
Moving elegantly
Se Mueve con Fluidez
Vloeiende bewegingen
정교한 움직임
洗練された動き
动作流畅
حركه انيقه
Bougeant avec fluidité
Move-se com fluidez
Elegante bevægelser

Godspeed II: Animacy, Animacidad, Belebtheit, Κινητικότητα, Animation, Expressão de vida, 활동성

Παρακαλούμε βαθμολογείστε την εντύπωση που σχηματίσατε για το ρομπότ στις παρακάτω κλίμακες:
Bitte beurteilen sie Ihren Eindruck des Roboters auf diesen Skalen:
Please rate your impression of the robot on these scales:
Por favor de su opinión del robot en los siguientes aspectos:
Geef aub uw indruk van de robot weer aan de hand van onderstaande schalen:
다음의스케일에따라로봇의인상을평가해 주세요.
以下のスケールに基づいてこのロボットの印象を評価してください。
生命性
من فضلك حدد\حددي انطباعك عن الروبوت على المقاييس التالية:
Veuillez noter vos impressions au sujet du robot sur les échelles ci-dessous:
Por favor, avalie a sua impressão sobre a expressão de vida do robô nas seguintes escalas:
Angiv venligst dine indtryk af robotten på en skala fra 1 til 5:

Άψυχο
Tot
Dead
Muerto
Dood
죽어있는
死んでいる
死的
ميت
Mort
Morto
Død
1 2 3 4 5 Ζωντανό
Lebendig
Alive
Con Vida
Levend
살아있는
生きている
活的
حي
Vivant
Com vida
Levende
Στάσιμο
Unbewegt
Stagnant
Inactivo
Stilstaand
활기가 없는
活気のない
静止的
ساكن
Inanimé
Parado
Ubevægelig
1 2 3 4 5 Ευκίνητο
Lebendig
Lively
Vivaz
Levendig
생기있는
生き生きとした
活泼的
حيوي
Animé
Enérgico
Livlig
Μηχανικό
Mechanisch
Mechanical
Mecánico
Mechanisch
기계적인
機械的な
机械的
الي
Mécanique
Mecânico
Mekanisk
1 2 3 4 5 Βιολογικό
Organisch
Organic
Orgánico
Organisch
유기적인
有機的な
有机的
عضوي
Organique
Orgânico
Organisk
Τεχνητό
Künstlich
Artificial
Artificial
Kunstmatig
인공적인
人工的な
人工的
اصطناعي
Artificiel
Artificial
Kunstig
1 2 3 4 5 Μοιάζει ζωντανό
Realistisch
Lifelike
Parece Vivo
Levensecht
생물적인
生物的な
逼真的
يبدو حقيقي
Réaliste
Realista
Livagtig
Αδρανές
Träge
Inert
Estático
Passief
不活発な
迟钝的
جامد
Inert
Estático
Doven
1 2 3 4 5 Διαδραστικό
Interaktiv
Interactive
Interactivo
Interactief
対話的な
互动的
متفاعل
Interactif
Interativo
Interaktiv
Απαθές
Apathisch
Apathetic
Indiferente
Apatisch
무관심한
無関心な
冷淡的
لا مبالي
Apathique
Apático
Apatisk
1 2 3 4 5 Ανταποκρίνεται
Reagierend
Responsive
Atento
Responsief
반응을 하는
反応のある
反应迅速的
متجاوب
Attentif
Participativo
Modtagelig

Godspeed III: Likeability, Simpatía, Συμπαθητικότητα, Appréciation, Simpatia, 호감도

Παρακαλούμε βαθμολογείστε την εντύπωση που σχηματίσατε για το ρομπότ στις παρακάτω κλίμακες:
Bitte beurteilen sie Ihren Eindruck des Roboters auf diesen Skalen:
Please rate your impression of the robot on these scales:
Por favor de su opinión del robot en los siguientes aspectos:
Geef aub uw indruk van de robot weer aan de hand van onderstaande schalen:
다음의스케일에따라로봇의인상을평가해 주세요.
以下のスケールに基づいてこのロボットの印象を評価してください。
可爱度
من فضلك حدد\حددي انطباعك عن الروبوت على المقاييس التالية:
Veuillez noter vos impressions au sujet du robot sur les échelles ci-dessous:
Por favor, avalie a sua impressão sobre a simpatia do robô nas seguintes escalas:
Angiv venligst dine indtryk af robotten på en skala fra 1 til 5:

Δε μου αρέσει
Nicht mögen
Dislike
Disgusta
Afkeer
싫음
嫌い
不喜欢
لا احبه
Déplaisant
Não gosto
Ikke tiltalende
1 2 3 4 5 Μου αρέσει
Mögen
Like
Gusta
Geliefd
좋음
好き
喜欢
احبه
Plaisant
Gosto
Tiltalende
Μη φιλικό
Unfreundlich
Unfriendly
No Amigable
Onvriendelijk
친해지기 어려운
親しみにくい
不友好的
غير ودود
Inamical
Hostil
Uvenlig
1 2 3 4 5 Φιλικό
Freundlich
Friendly
Amigable
Vriendelijk
친해지기 쉬운
親しみやすい
友好的
ودود
Amical
Amigável
Venlig
Αγενές
Unhöflich
Unkind
Descortés
Niet lief
불친절한
不親切な
不亲切的
غير طيب
Malaimable
Antipático
Uhøflig
1 2 3 4 5 Ευγενές
Höflich
Kind
Amable
Lief
친절한
親切な
亲切的
طيب
Aimable
Gentil
Høflig
Δυσάρεστο
Unangenehm
Unpleasant
Desagradable
Onplezierig
불쾌한
不愉快な
不愉快的
غير ممتع
Désagreable
Desagradável
Ubehagelig
1 2 3 4 5 Ευχάριστο
Angenehm
Pleasant
Agradable
Plezierig
유쾌한
愉快な
愉快的
ممتع
Agréable
Agradável
Behagelig
Απαίσιο
Furchtbar
Awful
Feo
Afschuwelijk
형편없는
ひどい
恶劣的
مقيت
Horrible
Horrível
Frygtelig
1 2 3 4 5 Συμπαθές
Nett
Nice
Lindo
Mooi
좋은
良い
良好的
لطيف
Gentil
Simpático
God

Godspeed IV: Perceived Intelligence, Inteligencia Percibida, Εκλαμβανόμενη Ευφυΐα, Intelligence Perçue, Inteligência Percebida, 감지된 지능

Παρακαλούμε βαθμολογείστε την εντύπωση που σχηματίσατε για το ρομπότ στις παρακάτω κλίμακες:
Bitte beurteilen sie Ihren Eindruck des Roboters auf diesen Skalen:
Please rate your impression of the robot on these scales:
Por favor de su opinión del robot en los siguientes aspectos:
Geef aub uw indruk van de robot weer aan de hand van onderstaande schalen:
다음의스케일에따라로봇의인상을평가해 주세요.
以下のスケールに基づいてこのロボットの印象を評価してください。
感知能力
من فضلك حدد\حددي انطباعك عن الروبوت على المقاييس التالية:
Veuillez noter vos impressions au sujet du robot sur les échelles ci-dessous:
Por favor, avalie a sua impressão sobre a inteligência percebida do robô nas seguintes escalas:
Angiv venligst dine indtryk af robotten på en skala fra 1 til 5:

Ανίκανο
Inkompetent
Incompetent
Incompetente
Onbekwaam
무능한
無能な
无能力的
غير كفوء
Uncompétent
Incompetente
Inkompetent
1 2 3 4 5 Ικανό
Kompetent
Competent
Competente
Bekwaam
유능한
有能な
有能力的
كفوء
Compétent
Competente
Kompetent
Αδαές
Ungebildet
Ignorant
Ignorante
Onwetend
무지한
無知な
无知识的
جاهل
Ignorant
Ignorante
Uvidende
1 2 3 4 5 Καταρτισμένο
Unterrichtet
Knowledgeable
Culto
Veel wetend
박식한
物知りな
有知识的
مطلع
Cultivé
Sabedor
Velvidende
Ανεύθυνο
Verantwortungslos
Irresponsible
Irresponsable
Onverantwoordelijk
무책임한
無責任な
无责任的
غيرمسؤول
Irresponsable
Irresponsável
Uansvarlig
1 2 3 4 5 Υπεύθυνο
Verantwortungsbewusst
Responsible
Responsable
Verantwoordelijk
책임감 있는
責任のある
有责任的
مسؤول
Responsable
Responsável
Ansvarlig
Κουτό
Unintelligent
Unintelligent
Sin inteligencia
Onintelligent
무식한
知的でない,
无智力的
غير ذكي
Inintelligent
Pouco inteligente
Uintelligent
1 2 3 4 5 Έξυπνο
Intelligent
Intelligent
Inteligente
Intelligent
지적인
知的な
有智力的
ذكي
Intelligent
Inteligente
Intelligent
Ανόητο
Unvernünftig
Foolish
Insensato
Dwaas
어리석은
愚かな
笨拙的
غير عاقل
Insensé
Insensato
Tåbelig
1 2 3 4 5 Λογικό
Vernünftig
Sensible
Juicioso
Gevoelig
현명한
賢明な
敏感的
عاقل
Sensé
Sensato
Fornuftig

Godspeed V: Perceived Safety, Seguridad Percibida, Sicherheit, Εκλαμβανόμενη Ασφάλεια, Sureté perçue, Segurança Percebida, 감지된 안전성

Παρακαλούμε βαθμολογείστε τη δική σας συναισθηματική κατάσταση στις παρακάτω κλίμακες:
Bitte bewerten Sie Ihren emotionalen Zustand auf diesen Skalen:
Please rate your emotional state on these scales:
¿Cómo se sintió durante su interacción con el robot?
Geef aub uw indruk van de robot weer aan de hand van onderstaande schalen:
다음의스케일에따라로봇의인상을평가해 주세요.
以下のスケールに基づいてあなたの心の状態を評価してください。
安全性
من فضلك حدد\حددي انطباعك عن الروبوت على المقاييس التالية:
Veuillez noter votre état émotionel sur les échelles ci-dessous:
Por favor, avalie o seu estado emocional sobre a segurança percebida do robô nas seguintes escalas:
Angiv venligst dine indtryk af robotten på en skala fra 1 til 5:

Ανήσυχος
Ängstlich
Anxious
Ansioso
Angstig
불안한
不安な
不安的
قلق
Anxieux
Ansioso
Ængstelig
1 2 3 4 5 Χαλαρός
Entspannt
Relaxed
Relajado
Ontspannen
안정된
落ち着いた
放松的
مسترخي
Relaxé
Descontraído
Afslappet
Ήρεμος
Ruhig
Calm
Tranquilo
Kalm
냉정한
冷静な
冷静的
منفعل
Calme
Calmo
Rolig
1 2 3 4 5 Ταραγμένος
Aufgewühlt
Agitated
Agitado
Opgewonden
동요되는
動揺している
焦躁的
مطمئن
Agité
Agitado
Urolig
Ήσυχος
Still
Quiescent
No Sorprendido
Rustig
평온한
平穏な
沉默的
هادئ
Serein
Sereno
Passiv
1 2 3 4 5 Ξαφνιασμένος
Überrascht
Surprised
Sorprendido
Verrast
놀란
驚いた
诧异的
متفاجئ
Surpris
Surprendido
Overrasket

17 thoughts on “The Godspeed Questionnaire Series”

  1. Hello Christoph,

    We just used this questionnaire series in an HRI study — thanks for providing it! We found that the responses on the last “perceived safety” (quiescent surprised) item were negatively correlated with the other two. Should that question actually be posed be the other way around?

  2. Dear Christoph,

    we also used your questionnaire, thanks for the work on it!

    We also found the same negative correlation that Mary Ellen Foster found regarding the question “quiescent – surprised”.

    Furthermore the question “calm – agitated” seems to be inverted as well.

    It would seem logical to us that calm correlates with a safe robot and agitated with an unsafe experience not vice versa.

  3. Hello Christoph,

    Another question about the GODSPEED series: do you have any thoughts about using it in a pre-test/post-test setting? That is, if we ask people (e.g.) “how smart do you think the robot will be” before the experiment, and then “how smart do you think it was” afterwards — do you think that would be suitable?

  4. Hello,

    I would like to know if there is a standard Godspeed questionnaire or I need to apply it on my own needs(Project).

    Thank you

  5. The questionnaire on this web page is the official godspeed questionnaire series. Feel free to edit it to your needs.

  6. Dear Bartneck, thanks for your efforts on the questionnaire. It seems really useful. I (a PhD student on interactive play) am intending to use your questionnaire for a small “bonus” experiment comparing a virtual and real moving object. I have two questions, which I hope you can shed some light on.
    1) Do you see problems in using only 3 sections of it?
    2) I wondered what your view is on randomization of the questionnaire. I assumed it was intended to scatter the questions, so people don’t notice they are working on a one dimension measurement. However, there is a different description for part V.

    What is better in your honest opinion/ how is it intended ?
    a) using randomization with one description for all questions
    b) using randomization with the description above every question or
    c) using it as is with the items underneath each other, this option will probably increase your Cronbach Alpha but the randomization somehow feels neater to me.

  7. Hello,

    You can use any of the four section independently of each other. There is even a small overlap between two of them. The questions within each section have no particular order. If you want, you can add dummy items to conceal the intention of the questionnaire. Just make sure that these dummy items to not interact with the actual items.

  8. Hi Christoph, first of all thanks for sharing!
    I didn’t find an explanation on how to weight the answers to determine scores for each of the evaluation parameters (Perceived Intelligence, etc). Could you help?
    Furthermore I’d like to know if there is any study, or if you have any insight, on which would be a great distribution between the different parameters or if there is a minimum requirement for each of them, below which it would be better to rethink the robot design and increase it for a better HRI.
    Thanks

  9. hey there, thank you for sharing this, but I’d like to feedback some problem that might exists in terms of the Chinese translation. The corresponding translation of “Please rate your emotional state on these scales:” is “请在以下尺度上评价您对机器人的印象:”, instead in the questionnaire it is written the with its proposes. In the meanwhile I can’t find the translation of “Please rate your emotional state on these scales:” both in the google doc and the content above.

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